Visibility of Muharram Crescent 1444 AH
On this page:-
When to Observe Muharram Waxing (NEW) Crescent ?
The geocentric conjunction (Geocentric New Moon) will occur Inshalla on (Thursday 28 July 2022) at 17:55 UT.
Sighting the new crescent on (Thursday 28 July 2022) and (Friday 29 July 2022) is shown in the below graphs using the program Accurate Times by Mohammad Odeh according to Odeh criterion. Where:-
- It is impossible to see the crescent from the areas located under the red color. Because either the Moon on this day sets before the Sunset and/or the topocentric conjunction occurs after the Sunset.
- The crescent is expected to be seen by optical aid only from the areas located under the blue color.
- The crescent is expected to be seen by optical aid from the areas located under the magenta color. In these areas the crescent could be seen by naked eye if the atmospheric conditions are superb and the observer is experienced.
- The crescent is expected to be easily visible by naked eye from the areas located under the green color.
- The crescent cannot be seen from uncolored areas, even though the Moon sets in these locations after the Sunset and the topocentric conjunction occurs before the Sunset, but the Moon is not sufficiently illuminated in order to be seen as crescent even by optical aid.
- Kindly notice that the below graph shows the possibility of seeing the crescent from areas between 60 degrees north of Equator down to 60 degrees south of Equator.
Thursday 28 July 2022
Friday 29 July 2022
According to the Universal Hejric Calendar (UHC), which is based on the calculated crescent visibility, the start of this month in the Eastern Region will be on Saturday 30 July 2022 and in the Western Region will be on Saturday 30 July 2022. Kindly notice that the UHC is a pre-calculated calendar, which adopts a certain criterion to start the new Hejric month. Your country/organization might adopt different criterion to start the new Hejric month. So it is highly advised to read the UHC website before giving any judgment.
- Results of seeing the crescent, and the first day of the month in different countries will be added here Inshalla as we receive the reports from ICOP's members. If you wish to be a member in ICOP, or to know more about it, kindly click here.
Muharram Waxing (NEW) Crescent Observation Results
Fri 29 July 2022
Algeria
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Rida Rizqi from الكويف City in تبسة State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not sought by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
2 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Banouh Nouh Mefnoune from بني يزجن - جبل عبد الدايم City in غرداية State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not seen by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
3 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Abdellatif Fareh from كوينين City in الوادي State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not seen by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Mr. Abdellatif Fareh said: "لم نتمكن من رؤية الهلال بسبب طبقة كثيفة من السحاب و الغبار العالق حجبت رؤيته. "
Australia
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Taymour Nabulsi from Sydney City in NSW State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Bangladesh
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. ABM Ruhul Hassan from Dhaka City in Dhaka State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Egypt
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Eng. Khaled Abdelrahman from القاهرة City in القاهرة State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
2 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Eng. Ahmed Esawy from طنطا City in الغربية State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not seen by CCD Imaging
Indonesia
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. AR Sugeng Riyadi from Surakarta City in Central Java State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not seen by binocular, the crescent was not seen by telescope, the crescent was not seen by CCD Imaging
Mr. AR Sugeng Riyadi said: "The new crescent of Muharram 1444 AH was not sighted on Friday, July 29, 2022 from Assalaam Observatory, Pabelan Kartasura Sukoharjo by students of CASA, and from D'Wangen Klaten Central Java Indonesia by member of Kuttab Ibnu Abbas. The sky rather hazy.
The crescent of Muharram 1444 AH was captured under photograph methode by stacking several frames of picture from Kupang NTT Indonesia."
Iran
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Murtada Al Saeedi Al Najafi from قم City in قم State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
2 . Time of observation:
Before sunset .
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Sayed Jafar Mousavi from خمینی شهر City in اصفهان State mentioned that the sky was totally cloudy, the atmospheric condition was very hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not seen by binocular, the crescent was not seen by telescope, the crescent was not seen by CCD Imaging
Iraq
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Hasan Al Saaedi from مدينة الصدر City in بغداد State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not seen by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Mr. Hasan Al Saaedi said: "لم تتم رؤية هلال شهر محرم الحرام بعد محاولة رؤيته بالتلسكوب على الرغم من ان الجو عموما كان صافيا الا ان بعض قطع الغيوم غطت جهة الغرب والذي زاد الامر صعوبة هو ضعف احداثيات الهلال بداية المراقبة تمت قبل الغروب بنصف ساعة وبقيت حتى الساعة 7 و45 في افق مدينة بغداد حيث افل الهلال ولم تتم رؤيته "
Jordan
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Seen: ICOP member Eng. Mohammad Odeh from Amman City in Amman State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was superb, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was seen by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Kuwait
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunset .
Not Seen: ICOP member Eng. Yaser Mullayousef from الكويت City in الكويت State mentioned that the sky was totally cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not seen by binocular, the crescent was not seen by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Eng. Yaser Mullayousef said: "لم نتمكن من رؤية الهلال بيبب الرطوبة العالية والغيوم الكثيفة جهة الغرب"
Mauritania
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Dr. Elkhalil Maouloud from انواكشوط City in انواكشوط State mentioned that the sky was totally cloudy, the atmospheric condition was very hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Dr. Elkhalil Maouloud said: "فى الجنة الوطنية للاهلة لم نلتقي اي ادعاء برؤية الهلال
البداية الرسمية للسنة١٤٤٤ هى الاحد "
Morocco
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Dr. Hassan Talibi from بنسليمان City in بنسليمان State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Dr. Hassan Talibi said: "أعلنت وزارة الأوقاف على أن غدا السبت فاتح محرم 1444 هـ . "
2 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Hatim El Harrak from طنجة City in طنجة State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not seen by CCD Imaging
Mr. Hatim El Harrak said: "بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
حاولت مساء اليوم رصد هلال شهر محرم الحرام 1444 هـ تعذر رصده بالعين المجردة وكذا تصويره بسبب الغيوم التي غطت الأفق الغربي وحالت دون رؤيته ورصده "
Nepal
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Mohammad Aamir from Kathmandu City in Bagmati State mentioned that the sky was totally cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Mr. Mohammad Aamir said: "The crescent of Muharram 1444 AH was not sighted anywhere in Nepal."
Palestine
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Mahmoud Abdul-Jawad from ديربلوط City in سلفيت State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
2 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Anas Hammouri from القدس City in القدس State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Saudi Arabia
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Eng. Ahmed El Morsy from Dhahran City in Eastern Province State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not seen by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Eng. Ahmed El Morsy said: "The sky was partially cloudy, especially on West direction."
Tunisia
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Naser Barbourah from المهدية City in المهدية State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not sought by naked eye, the crescent was not seen by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Mr. Naser Barbourah said: "لقد قمت بعملية رصد هلال محرم 1444 لكن ام اتمكن من رصده باستعمال المنظار المزدوج نظرا لكثافة الغيم وكانت الرطوبة عالية جدا هذا اليوم"
United Arab Emirates
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunset .
Photographed: ICOP member Eng. Mohammad Odeh from Abu Dhabi City in Abu Dhabi State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not sought by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was seen by CCD Imaging
2 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Seen: ICOP member Eng. Ibrahim Ghneimat from جبل نزوى City in دبي State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was seen by binocular, the crescent was seen by telescope, the crescent was seen by CCD Imaging
Eng. Ibrahim Ghneimat said: "تم تصوير الهلال بوساطة الكاميرا بعد غياب الشمس ب 5 دقائق واستمر لغاية 30 دقيقة بعد غروب الشمس.
وتم رؤيته بالتلسكوب بعد غياب الشمس ب 20 دقيقة.
وتمت رؤية الهلال بالمنظار من قبل آخرين بعد غروب الشمس ب 20 دقيقة ..
حالة الجو صافية وكان هناك بعض السحب العالية في الأفق الغربي."
3 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Abdel Rahman Al-Bastaki from الإمارات City in دبي State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not seen by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
United Kingdom
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Seen: ICOP member Dr. Ayyub Patel from Margate City in Kent State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was seen by binocular, the crescent was seen by telescope, the crescent was not seen by CCD Imaging
Dr. Ayyub Patel said: "We first tried by CCD enhanced imaging technique before sunset. Then we tried by telescope and saw the thin crescent at 920pm and one of us saw by binoculars. We were two at the site in Margate Beach Kent UK. Photos are shared and were taken by Juned Patel. two by CCD enhanced technique and one by telescope. Based on our sighting report and foreign news from Morocco, The Wifaqul Ulema and Batley Moonsighting Committee declared Muharram start on 30th July 2022. The New Crescent Society and those strictly following naked eye sighting and UK only declared 30 days complete for ZulHijjah and Muharram 1444 start on 31st July 2022."
2 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Seen: ICOP member Mr. Juned Patel from Marget City in Kent State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was superb, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was seen by binocular, the crescent was seen by telescope, the crescent was seen by CCD Imaging
Mr. Juned Patel said: "NOT SIGHTED by naked eyes
Sighted with Binoculars at 21:17 only by Juned Patel
Sighted with Telescope at 21:08 by Juned Patel and Dr Ayyub
Sighted using enhancing techniques before sunset at 19:58
The sky was absolutely clear except for the western horizon below 2 degrees. I saw the moon with binoculars until it disappear behind the clouds at 2 degrees."
United States
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Haythem Hamdi from لورنس Lawrence City in ماساتشوستس Massachusetts State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not seen by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
2 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Seen: ICOP member Dr. Javad Torabinejad from Blacksburg City in Virginia State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was very hazy, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was seen by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Dr. Javad Torabinejad said: "I was at my sighting location by 7:40 pm EDT (sunset: 8:33 pm). Upon my arrival, the western horizon was mostly cloudy and hazy. At 8:24 pm, using a pair of binoculars (7X50), I started looking for the crescent moon in the partial clearings. My first binocular sighting of the moon was at 8:52 pm. At 9:03 pm, I saw the crescent with naked eye. The horns were approximately at 2:30 and 6:30 O'clock (2:30;4:00;6:30). I'm sure if it were not because of the clouds and haziness the sighting times would have been earlier. Later when the moon was close to the horizon, a couple of my friends arrived; they easily saw the crescent with naked eye (moonset: 9:34 pm)."
Sat 30 July 2022
Algeria
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunset .
Seen: ICOP member Mr. Abdellatif Fareh from كوينين City in الوادي State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was seen by binocular, the crescent was seen by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Mr. Abdellatif Fareh said: "تمت رؤية الهلال بالعين المجردة قبل غروب الشمس. "
Iran
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Seen: ICOP member Mr. Murtada Al Saeedi Al Najafi from قم City in قم State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Morocco
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Seen: ICOP member Mr. Hatim El Harrak from طنجة City in طنجة State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was superb, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was seen by CCD Imaging
Mr. Hatim El Harrak said: "بعدستي صورة لهلال شهر محرم الحرام هلال الليلة الثانية 1444 هـ من مدينة طنجة
أهله الله علينا وعليكم بالخير واليمن والبركات هلال رشد وخير"
Palestine
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Seen: ICOP member Mr. Mahmoud Abdul-Jawad from ديربلوط City in سلفيت State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
United Arab Emirates
1 . Time of observation:
After sunset.
Seen: ICOP member Dr. Belal Alshammaa from دبي City in دبي State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was seen by binocular, the crescent was seen by telescope, the crescent was seen by CCD Imaging
The OFFICIAL First Day in Different Countries
Sat 30 July 2022
1 .
Algeria
2 .
Bahrain
3 .
Egypt
4 .
Indonesia
5 .
Iran
6 .
Jordan
7 .
Kuwait
8 .
Morocco
9 .
Palestine
10 .
Qatar
11 .
Saudi Arabia
12 .
Syria
13 .
Tunisia
14 .
United Arab Emirates
15 .
Yemen
Sun 31 July 2022
1 .
Bangladesh
2 .
Mauritania
3 .
United Kingdom
When to Observe Dhul Hijjah Waning (OLD) Crescent ?
The geocentric conjunction (Geocentric New Moon) will occur Inshalla on (Thursday 28 July 2022) at 17:55 UT.
Sighting the OLD crescent on (Thursday 28 July 2022) and (Wedensday 27 July 2022) is shown in the below graphs using the program Accurate Times by Mohammad Odeh according to Odeh criterion. Where:-
- It is impossible to see the OLD crescent from the areas located under the red color. Because either the Moon on this day rises after the Sunrise and/or the topocentric conjunction occurs before the Sunrise.
- The crescent is expected to be seen by optical aid only from the areas located under the blue color.
- The crescent is expected to be seen by optical aid from the areas located under the magenta color. In these areas the crescent could be seen by naked eye if the atmospheric conditions are superb and the observer is experienced.
- The crescent is expected to be easily visible by naked eye from the areas located under the green color.
- The crescent cannot be seen from uncolored areas, even though the Moon rises in these locations before the Sunrise and the topocentric conjunction occurs after the Sunrise, but the Moon is not sufficiently illuminated in order to be seen as crescent even by optical aid.
- Kindly notice that the below graph shows the possibility of seeing the crescent from areas between 60 degrees north of Equator down to 60 degrees south of Equator.
Thursday 28 July 2022
Wedensday 27 July 2022
Dhul Hijjah Waning (OLD) Crescent Observation Results
Wed 27 July 2022
Algeria
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Seen: ICOP member Mr. Rida Rizqi from الكويف City in تبسة State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Indonesia
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Seen: ICOP member Mr. AR Sugeng Riyadi from Surakarta City in Central Java State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was seen by binocular, the crescent was seen by telescope, the crescent was seen by CCD Imaging
Mr. AR Sugeng Riyadi said: "The old crescent of Dzulhijjah 1443 AH was sighted on Wednesday, July 27, 2022 from Assalaam Observatory, Pabelan Kartasura Sukoharjo Central Java Indonesia. The sky was hazy and partly cloudy."
Iran
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Seen: ICOP member Mr. Sayed Jafar Mousavi from خمینی شهر City in اصفهان State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was seen by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was seen by CCD Imaging
Morocco
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Seen: ICOP member Mr. Hatim El Harrak from طنجة City in طنجة State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was superb, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was seen by CCD Imaging
Mr. Hatim El Harrak said: "بعدستي فجر اليوم صور لهلال آخر الشهر من مدينة طنجة"
Palestine
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Seen: ICOP member Mr. Mahmoud Abdul-Jawad from ٍديربلوط City in سلفيت State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
United Arab Emirates
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Abdel Rahman Al-Bastaki from الإمارات City in دبي State mentioned that the sky was totally cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was not sought by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
United Kingdom
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Seen: ICOP member Dr. Ayyub Patel from dewsbury City in west yorkshire State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was seen by CCD Imaging
Dr. Ayyub Patel said: "easily visible for a good 30 min before sunrise."
2 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Seen: ICOP member Eng. Qamar Uddin from Bolton City in Greater Manchester State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Eng. Qamar Uddin said: "Last moon phase of the last month of the year 1443 from Juned Patel, Bolton (UK) on 27 July 2022 03:44 hrs BST. "And (as for) the moon, We have ordained for it *stages* till it becomes again as an old dry palm branch (Urjunil Qadim)". [Quran 36:39]"
3 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Seen: ICOP member Mr. Juned Patel from Bolton City in Greater Manchester State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was hazy, the crescent was seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was seen by CCD Imaging
Thu 28 July 2022
Iraq
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Ibrahem Abdulkareem Dives from الحسينية City in بغداد State mentioned that the sky was partly cloudy, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not seen by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging
Palestine
1 . Time of observation:
Before sunrise.
Not Seen: ICOP member Mr. Mahmoud Abdul-Jawad from ديربلوط City in سلفيت State mentioned that the sky was clear, the atmospheric condition was clear, the crescent was not seen by naked eye, the crescent was not sought by binocular, the crescent was not sought by telescope, the crescent was not sought by CCD Imaging